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    <p>We use pulsed power supplies with forward and reverse current
      capabilities, so you can tune the grain size and growth better
      than with straight power...it takes some development time for sure
      to get it right.  (electrochemistry is black magic!)  Plating off
      of Pt is usually pretty good assuming you have a nice contiguous
      film that you can solidly contact in your fixturing.  I'd also
      advise to try and go slowly and not try for a plating speed
      record...   <br>
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 2/27/25 16:07, Artner, Diane M
      wrote:<br>
    </div>
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        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",serif">For
            the electroplating of vias with Pt seed, have you seen poor
            nucleation, basically large grain growth vs uniform small
            grain size bottom up fill?
            <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">
                labnetwork <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:labnetwork-bounces@mtl.mit.edu"><labnetwork-bounces@mtl.mit.edu></a>
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>Christopher Alpha<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Thursday, February 27, 2025 10:41 AM<br>
                <b>To:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:labnetwork@mtl.mit.edu">labnetwork@mtl.mit.edu</a><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [labnetwork] Copper Through-Glass
                Vias on fused silica<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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                              message was sent from outside of HRL.
                              Please do not click links or open
                              attachments unless you recognize the
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                <pre><span style="color:black">
 </span><o:p></o:p></pre>
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          <p>Hi Folks,<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p><o:p> </o:p></p>
          <p>(RE: Mac's comments)<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p><o:p> </o:p></p>
          <p>We often do Pt seed layers by ALD for via Cu electroplating
            fills...you can get voids though depending on aspect ratio
            and how you drive the plating.  If a a hollow wire is OK
            this is fine to do in this fashion.  <o:p></o:p></p>
          <p><o:p> </o:p></p>
          <p>If you want a full solid fill we have done Au or Pt sputter
            on only one side of a very high aspect ratio via and
            basically try to sputter the hole mostly if not fully closed
            and use a plating fixture that makes contact on the back
            side with the Pt seed, leaving the other side exposed in the
            plating bath, then you can get a nice fill by plating from
            the bottom of the via up.  Overtop the via/wafer's surface,
            and CMP everything clean and flat (remove seed either
            selectively with wet chemistry if possible or CMP that off
            too).<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p><o:p> </o:p></p>
          <p>Your mileage may vary...electroplating is a dark art.<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p><o:p> </o:p></p>
          <p>Best,<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p>C<o:p></o:p></p>
          <pre>-- <o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Christopher Alpha<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>User Program Manager<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Cornell Nanoscale Facility<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Cornell University<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>250 Duffield Hall<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>343 Campus Rd<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Ithaca, NY 14853<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>tel (607)254-4913<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
          <pre>Any email from me will always really be from me without any AI "assistance"<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <p>   <o:p></o:p></p>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">On 2/26/25 13:04, Hathaway, Malcolm R
              wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif">Hi Larry,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif">As it
                  happens, Cu is not an established ALD process yet
                  (that I am aware of).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif">Pt is
                  common, but for your purposes (filling a 20um diameter
                  hole) Pt would likely too expensive.  In fact, ALD is
                  probably not a viable option because you will need a
                  layer slightly thicker than the radius of the hole
                  (i.e. 10 um) and ALD of almost anything in a 10um
                  thickness will take 2-3 weeks (at least in our
                  systems).  We tend to speak of dep thickness/cycle
                  (~1A) because to speak of rate in thickness/min is too
                  embarrassing!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif">Which is
                  to say, ALD is slow.  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif">Typical
                  films are under 200nm.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif">Material-wise,
                  Pt, Ru, and some other conductors are available, but
                  they tend to be on the (even) slower side.  Some newer
                  systems will get cycle times down to achieve 20-30
                  cy/min, but still nothing approaching CVD growth
                  rates.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif">A Pt liner
                  (or other conductive material) with Cu electroplating
                  is much closer to a standard process for this sort of
                  thing.  And if you wanted to get fancy you could even
                  consider selective W CVD, but that would require a bit
                  of process development.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif">I'm happy
                  to chat about this off-line if you like.  Hopefully
                  others with proper electroplating experience will
                  chime in shortly.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif">Mac<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif">Harvard
                  CNS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                  style="font-family:"Aptos",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
            </div>
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              style="text-align:center">
              <hr size="2" width="98%" align="center">
            </div>
            <div id="divRplyFwdMsg">
              <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> labnetwork
                  <a href="mailto:labnetwork-bounces@mtl.mit.edu"
                    moz-do-not-send="true"><labnetwork-bounces@mtl.mit.edu></a>
                  on behalf of Hess, Larry A. (GSFC-5530)
                  <a href="mailto:larry.hess-1@nasa.gov"
                    moz-do-not-send="true"><larry.hess-1@nasa.gov></a><br>
                  <b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, February 26, 2025 9:36 AM<br>
                  <b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:labnetwork@mtl.mit.edu"
                    moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">labnetwork@mtl.mit.edu</a>
                  <a href="mailto:labnetwork@mtl.mit.edu"
                    moz-do-not-send="true">
                    <labnetwork@mtl.mit.edu></a><br>
                  <b>Subject:</b> [labnetwork] Copper Through-Glass Vias
                  on fused silica</span> <o:p>
                </o:p></p>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Hi,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">I am
                looking for a (hopefully established) source to deposit
                ALD copper on Though-Glass Vias.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">The
                vias are about 20um in diameter with an aspect ratio of
                about 10:1.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">I
                would also consider Cu electroplating( after an
                appropriate ALD adhesion/base layer), but I’m not sure
                how feasible that is given the via diameter and aspect
                ratio.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Thanks
                for your help!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Larry<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Larry
                A. Hess, PhD<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">NASA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Goddard
                Space Flight Center<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">8800
                Greenbelt Road<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Code
                553, Detector Systems Branch<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Building
                11, Room E011<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Greenbelt,
                MD 20771<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">301-286-0259
                (P)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">301-286-1672
                (F)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>labnetwork mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre><a href="mailto:labnetwork@mtl.mit.edu"
            moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">labnetwork@mtl.mit.edu</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre><a
            href="https://mtl.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo.cgi/labnetwork"
            moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">https://mtl.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo.cgi/labnetwork</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
          </blockquote>
          <pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
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    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Christopher Alpha
User Program Manager
Cornell Nanoscale Facility
Cornell University
250 Duffield Hall
343 Campus Rd
Ithaca, NY 14853
tel (607)254-4913

Any email from me will always really be from me without any AI "assistance"</pre>
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